Existing Good or Service Business Proposal

Existing Good or Service Business Proposal T. J. ‘s Corporation Business Plan Tresa Milton ECO 561 March 25, 2013 Dr. Guthlac Kirk Anyalezu T. J’s Corporation Business Plan T. J. ’s Corporation Business Plan In today society the improvement of innovation, which are things that individual regularly use being moved into an alternate period. These are the things which, individual’s utilize each day papers, magazines, and now books has been strengthening to the innovation world as Kindle, Nook, eBook, or on CD's. T. J. s Corporation will deliver an innovation which, will take a book, which the organization can utilize and examine it into an eBook alongside a precise manufactured voice for people to tune in. Be that as it may, T. J. ’s Corporation will show how the income will increment, decide the benefit amplifying amount, and negligible income to expand benefit. Likewise T. J. ’s Corporation will break down blend of evaluating and non-valuing. T . J. ’s Corporation will be searching for an area to take a shot at the proposition and have the valuable employee’s to help with transference of books to the advanced configuration. T. J. s is right now working out of a little structure and with the new proposition needs something greater. Working in a little structure places the representatives in the circumstance where the person is working with little hurry to work. With the new area it will permit T. J. ’s Corporation to take a shot at the new plan and have the consumer’s item out quicker. Suppositions and Market Structure Although other partnership have books out in eBook, the books are only just available in the product gave by that organization. T. J. ’s Corporation stock customers will have the alternative of perusing the book very or read alongside the advanced sound track.Since, T. J. ’s claims a patent on their innovation their organization is viewed as syndication, since T. J. à ¢â‚¬â„¢s is allowed the main business that is selling this sort of product (McConnell, Brue, ; Flynn, 2013). Likewise there is a supposition that any representative which will be working in a month is about $300 dependent on deals. T. J. ’s Corporation needs to produce another digitizer for their laborers to have so more books can be downloaded snappier. Development of Revenues TJ’s Corporation requires an improved showcasing technique for their digitized books this methodology will permit deals to increment. On the off chance that T.J. ’s changes the costs of their books their income will likewise increment. T. J. ’s Corporation is utilizing a little site and on the sight the costs are: $10 for books with bombed copyright (old books), and $15 for books containing a copyright (new books). T. J. ’s Corporation sold 1,000 old books and 2,000 new books in the initial a half year. T. J. ’s did some examination, found the new books could be broug ht for $5 charge and CD are $20 (R. L. Copple, 2013). With this data the organization can rise their new books cost to $18 to include a $3 benefit and lower their more seasoned books to $7.The change in cost could really help support the deals of the books on the grounds that the more established books are at a lower cost which could expand incomes and the expansion in cost on the more up to date books will build the benefit. Furthermore, if Bury somehow happened to showcase his books to secondary school and undergrads there could be an expansion of income. Cover would need to add course readings to the books being digitized yet on the off chance that understudies have the choice of tuning in to somebody read the books the data may be simpler for them to understand.The estimating on the books would need to be expanded in light of the genuine cost of the reading material and a higher copyright expense. The expansion of the books would assist with expanding income and carry more traff ic to his site for different books. Benefit boosting Will Bury would need to see his fixed costs (those costs that don't change the yield) and the variable (costs that do change dependent fair and square of yield). Cover's variable expenses are the five dollars for the copyrighted books that will assist with growing his index and the expenses related with his website.This can be as number of exchanges or buys and the charges related from them. Also, Bury should employ a colleague and the $40,000 that he makes good on will incorporate expenses and advantages, the acquisition of $14,000 in PC gear to propel his innovation, and $6,000 in promoting. This would be $60,000 every year or about $7,000 per month of fixed expenses. Peripheral expenses and minimal income If there is an expansion in yield there will consistently be a raise in benefit as long as negligible income is more noteworthy than minor cost.There will consistently be a requirement for books to be digitized so there will c onsistently be one more unit of good to be created and sold. There will consistently be new books being composed and this implies there will be a steady requirement for books to be digitized. There will be numerous decisions for clients particularly when new books are discharged. Evaluating and non valuing There are numerous sorts of estimating that Bury could utilize and needs to investigate all to perceive what might accommodate his business. Cover could offer single or multi unit estimating, amount limits, and any specials or limits that he believes he could offer during holidays.Bury could offer special limits as an approach to expand income and acquire more clients. If Bury somehow happened to see when book fairs or deals happen he could set up a table with data and PCs for clients to buy or take a gander at his database. With non estimating the procedure is to make the value to a lesser extent a factor with client buy and have item effect a more noteworthy factor (McConnell, B rue, and Flynn, 2009). Showcasing research, new item improvement, and notice could be considered non evaluating rivalry in light of the fact that Bury is attempting to discover approaches to build his deals. Boundaries to entrySince, Bury's business is viewed as a restraining infrastructure and is the just one with the innovation then there ought to be no hindrances. A hindrance happens when there are different organizations that exist in the commercial center and have built up licenses that will make it hard for the item being replicated (McConnell, Brue, ; Flynn, 2009). Since, Bury has a patent that implies that he will out aptitude his rivals and with his new innovation he will rule his industry. With these boundaries there could be an issue toward the start however once the organization is build up Bury wont have any issues. Item DifferentiationWill Bury's item is altogether different based on what is out in the market since it is a computerized and voice integrated is more help ful than eBooks or books and CD's. With his item he offers clients an increasingly advantageous approach to tune in and read books in a single spot. What's more, for those energetic perusers the presentation of eBooks will take into account various books to be housed in one area. Limited costs Mr. Cover should discover approaches to limit his expenses so he can expand his incomes. Right now Mr. Cover won't have the option to enlist a full time associate however once he has a set up income then he can enlist a full time assistant.Another approach to set aside cash is have his kids or spouse help with digitizing the book. Furthermore, if Bury was eager to prepare and work with secondary school and understudies he can have different individuals to work low maintenance and can have the books digitized quicker. This implies he can build his list of books quick and he will have the option to offer more books for his clients. End At present, Mr. Cover has numerous alternatives accessible t o him that he can execute to have a fruitful business. The fundamental thing that he needs to consider is the value, cost, and the production level for making the advanced books. Mr.Bury has worked superbly of recognizing the expenses related with copyrighted material and the value that he would need to sell his books. One thing that he would need to consider is the way that he could change the cost of the old and new books to expand his income and he can hope to check whether could bring down the value that he pays for the eminence of the book. As of now the market is little and with Mr. Cover being an imposing business model with his protected innovation, he can truly grow his market. The one thing the Mr. Cover needs to watch is the economy and needs to recollect that he needs to keep steady over the opposition. References Copple, R. 2012). How do digital books cost. Recovered from http://graspingforthewind. com McConnell, C. R. , Brue, L. S. , ; Flynn, S. M. (2009). Financial as pects: Principles, Problems, and Policies (eighteenth ed. ). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Company. New Good or administration business proposal This task centers around presentation of another item in the existent line of business and clarifies the strategy for advancement of products for creating more income. The ideas of flexibility of requests, advertise structures notwithstanding benefit maxi boosting procedures are likewise talked about which are useful for the great and furthermore to counter the boundaries

Homo Erectus Colonization in Europe

Homo Erectus Colonization in Europe Geoarchaeologists taking a shot at the bank of the North Sea of Britain at Pakefield in Suffolk, England have found relics proposing that our human progenitor Homo erectus showed up in northern Europe a lot sooner than recently suspected. Homo Erectus in England As indicated by an article distributed in Nature on December 15, 2005, a global group drove by Simon Parfitt of the Ancient Human Occupation of Britain (AHOB) venture has found 32 bits of dark stone debitage, including a center and modified chip, in alluvial silt dated to around 700,000 years prior. These ancient rarities speak to the trash made by flintknapping, the production of a stone instrument, perhaps for butchering purposes. The rock chips were recouped from four separate places inside the channel fill stores of a stream bed which in-filled during the between frosty time of the Early Pleistocene. This implies the ancient rarities were what archeologists get out of essential setting. As such, fill in stream channels originates from soils moved downstream from different spots. The occupation site-the site where the flintknapping occurred might be only somewhat upstream, or a significant ways upstream, or may, truth be told, have been totally pulverized by developments of the stream bed. By and by, the area of the relics in this old channel bed means that the curios must be at any rate as old as the channel fill; or, as indicated by analysts, at any rate 700,000 years prior. The Oldest Homo Erectus The most established known Homo erectus site outside of Africa is Dmanisi, in the Republic of Georgia, dated to roughly 1.6 million years back. Gran Dolina in the Atapuerca valley of Spain incorporates proof of Homo erectus at 780,000 years back. In any case, the most punctual known Homo erectus site in England preceding the revelations at Pakefield is Boxgrove, just 500,000 years of age. The Artifacts The ancient rarity collection, or rather arrays since they were in four separate territories, incorporate a center part with a few hard-hammer percussion drops expelled from it and a modified chip. A center part is the term utilized by archeologists to mean the first hunk of stone from which pieces were expelled. Hard mallet implies the flintknappers utilized a stone to strike into the center to get flattish, sharp-edged chips called drops. Drops delivered as such might be utilized as devices, and a corrected chip is a piece that shows proof of this utilization. The remainder of the antiquities are unretouched pieces. The apparatus array is presumably not Acheulean, which incorporates handaxes, yet is described in the article as Mode 1. Mode 1 is an old, basic innovation of chips, rock apparatuses, and choppers made with hard mallet percussion. Suggestions Since at the time England was associated with Eurasia by a land connect, the Pakefield ancient rarities dont suggest that Homo erectus required vessels to get toward the North Sea coastline. Neither does it infer that Homo erectus began in Europe; the most established Homo erectus are found at Koobi Fora, in Kenya, where a long history of prior hominin precursors is additionally known. Strangely, the antiquities from the Pakefield site additionally don't infer that Homo erectus adjusted to a cooler, chillier atmosphere; during the timespan in which the curios were stored, the atmosphere in Suffolk was more moderate, closer to the Mediterranean atmosphere customarily considered the atmosphere of decision for Homo erectus. Homo erectus or heidelbergensis? The Nature article only says early man, alluding to either Homo erectus or Homo heidelbergensis. Essentially, H. heidelbergensis is still confounding, however might be a transitional stage between H. erectus and present day people or a different animal types. There are no primate stays recuperated from Pakefield starting at yet, so the individuals who inhabited Pakefield may have been it is possible that one. Assets and Further Reading Parfitt, Simon L. The most punctual record of human movement in northern Europe. Nature 438, Ren㠩 W. Barendregt, Marzia Breda, et al., Nature, December 14, 2005. Roebroeks, Wil. Life on the Costa del Cromer. Nature 438, Nature, December 14, 2005. An unsigned article in British Archeology titled Hunting for the main people in Britain and dated 2003 portrays crafted by AHOB. The December 2005 issue of British Archeology has an article on the discoveries. Because of individuals from BritArch for their augmentations.

5 Free Money Scams to Avoid

5 Free Money Scams to Avoid 5 Free Money Scams to Avoid 5 Free Money Scams to AvoidRepeat after us: If it sounds too good to be true, it probably is.Updated: May 29, 2018You might not realize it, but theres probably not a day that goes by where you dont see a scammer at work. Between the late night infomercials peddling books that claim to have 100 Secrets Banks Dont Want You to Know, online ads pushing Free Government Money Programs, and all those spammy emails from your local Nigerian prince, your world is filled with people trying to squeeze money out of you any way they can.Why are money scams so common? Sadly, its because they actually work on a lot of people. After all, who doesnt want to pad their wallet a little bit? The worst part about this new culture of scamming is that the people getting ripped off are often people who really need help. People with bad credit and meager incomes, who cant get access to traditional lines of credit like credit cards or bank loans, are often sucked in by free money! scams peddled by criminals loo king to make a buck off their backs.But you dont have to be a victim. When you know what youre looking for, its easy to spot a scam and shut it down in its tracks. Here are the five most common money scams (and how to avoid falling for them).1. Free government money grantsOpen up your spam folder and youre likely to find several emails promising to send you scores of Uncle Sams cashâ€"with no catch. Typically, these emails will sound something like this:Hey there Bob! The government is rewarding citizens who pay their taxes on time with grants of up to $10,000 per person! Because youre such an upstanding American, you qualify for a grant of $8,589.40! Send us your checking account information and we will deposit that amount RIGHT AWAY! No strings attached!Can you guess what happens if you send them your bank account info? Instead of getting a bunch of magical government dollars deposited into your checking account, youll probably find it cleared of funds entirely. Oops!While there a re legitimate government grants out there, theyre for businesses, not for random people who pay their taxes on time. According to the FTC, there are several steps you can take to avoid getting taken by one of these fake government grant programs:Don’t give out your bank account information to anyone you don’t know.  Scammers pressure people to divulge their bank account information so that they can steal the money in the account. Always keep your bank account information confidential. Don’t share it unless you are familiar with the company and know why the information is necessary.Don’t pay any money for a “free” government grant.  If you have to pay money to claim a “free” government grant, it isn’t really free. A real government agency won’t ask you to pay a processing fee for a grant that you have already been awarded â€" or to pay for a list of grant-making institutions. The names of agencies and foundations that award grants are available for free at any pub lic library or on the Internet. The only official access point for all federal grant-making agencies is  www.grants.gov.Look-alikes aren’t the real thing.  Just because the caller says he’s from the “Federal Grants Administration” doesn’t mean that he is. There is no such government agency. Take a moment to check the blue pages in your telephone directory to bear out your hunch â€" or not.Phone numbers can deceive.  Some con artists use Internet technology to disguise their area code in caller ID systems. Although it may look like they’re calling from Washington, DC, they could be calling from anywhere in the world.Take control of the calls you receive.  If you want to reduce the number of telemarketing calls you receive, place your telephone number on the National Do Not Call Registry. To register online, visit  donotcall.gov. To register by phone, call 1-888-382-1222 (TTY: 1-866-290-4236) from the phone number you wish to register.File a complaint with the FTC.  If you think you may have been a victim of a government grant scam,  file a complaint with the FTC online, or call toll-free, 1-877-FTC-HELP (1-877-382-4357); TTY: 1-866-653-4261. The FTC enters Internet, telemarketing, identity theft, and other fraud-related complaints into Consumer Sentinel, a secure online database available to hundreds of civil and criminal law enforcement agencies in the U.S. and abroad.2. Foreign lottery winnerCongratulations! You just won the North Korean State Lottery!Next time a number or email address you dont know reaches out to tell you that youve just become a millionaire in some distant land, stop to think for a minute. First, do you actually remember buying a lottery ticket in Pyongyang? Have you actually even BEEN to Pyongyang? Does North Korea even HAVE a lottery? If they do, is it legal for a foreigner to enter that lottery? Unless youve been galavanting around the Hermit Kingdom buying scratch tickets, the answer to all of these questions is going to be a big, fat, NO.In fact, according to the FTC, its actually illegal for an American citizen to play a foreign lottery. Additionally, buying one so-called foreign lottery ticket from these scammers puts you at risk for getting more and more solicitations from similar scams. In reality, notices like these are from fraudsters looking to get access to your bank account or credit card information. Dont let make it easy for them to steal from you.3. Work at home job scamsWho wouldnt want to work from home every day? You can make calls in your pajamas, have lunch with your cat, and set your workday around your TV-watching schedule. LIVING. THE. DREAM.If you spend any time on the internet, youll see constant ads for jobs you can do at home. Area Mom Makes $200,000 From Home! they claim. Sadly, that Area Mom isnt making $200,000 from home. She cant, because she doesnt actually exist.Click on these ads and theyll send you to spammy-looking sites for jobs like mystery shoppingâ€"being paid to spy on mall employeesâ€"or reshipping, which involves receiving and re-mailing packages bought using stolen credit card numbers and/or packages containing counterfeit postal money orders. Neither of these things will make you rich, and the latter could get you arrested.Additionally, some of these work at home scams might send you to multi-level marketing companies, or pyramid schemes, that require you to spend money in order to become a distributor of their products. Because over 99 percent of people who start working for MLMs actually lose money, youre not likely to start raking in $400,00 every month.4. Binary options robotsBinary Options sites claim to exist to help you make investments, but dont be fooled. In fact, these sites are nothing more than good, old-fashioned gambling sites.According to  Forbes:A Google search for binary option Web sites produced 870,000 hits with promotions like earn up to 75 per cent every hour and 81 per cent profit in one hour or less, trade all maj or markets, You can buy these  options, which are also known as all-or-nothing options, digital options, or Fixed Return Options (FROs), on stocks, commodities, indexes, foreign exchange, and other derivatives.In fact, you can place a bet (which is what it really amounts to) on just about anything that is publicly traded, depending on which Web site you use (some offer a wider range of choices than others). Some sites provide free guides to binary option trading to get you started.Basically, Binary Options Robots or Binary Trading Options is sophisticated-sounding terminology for what is essentially just rolling the dice.  Imagine a guy asking you to pay him $200 bucks just to walk you into a casino. Thats what these trading schemes are. Thats not even a gamble, thats just a rip-off.5. Nigerian Prince scamNigerian Prince Scams are the Abbey Road of email scams. Oldies, but goodies.Heres a tip, if you get an email from a Nigerian Prince who asks for your help in retrieving his frozen assets and who claims he will offer you a million-dollar cut in return, delete it. Just delete it. That might seem obvious to you, but someone is paying these con artists. In 2012, the FBI calculated these scams cost victims close to $60 million!Learn more about protecting yourself and your bank account in Don’t Let a Phishing Scam Lead to Bad Credit!BONUS SCAM: Predatory payday loansIf youve been close to falling for a free money scam, the odds are good youre in a financial bind. Maybe you tried to get a loan, but couldnt land one with your not-so-great credit. Dont let yourself be fooled by loan offers that are 50 percent explanation points, promising  Fast Cash Now!!!!!!!!!!!!! or No Credit Check Required!!!!!!!!!!!Much like offers of free cash, these no credit check loans always come with strings attached.These kinds of loan offers are more commonly referred to as predatory lending, and they most often take the form of a payday loan or  title loan. Predatory bad credit loans  come with lots of hidden fees and interest rates so high that you could use them for BASE jumpingâ€"between 300-500 percent APR or even higher.Free cash might not be real, but predatory loans are very real. And they are very dangerous.To learn more about protecting yourself against predatory online fraudsters, check out these related pages and articles form OppLoans:Yes, Its a Bad Idea to Hire a Hacker to Fix Your Credit6 Costly Holiday Scams and How to Avoid ThemYour Guide to Cash Advance ScamsHow Scammers Are Hacking Emotions to Target Elderly ConsumersHave you been taken in by one of these five common scams? We want to hear about your experience!  Email us  or let us know on  Facebook  and  Twitter.

Geothermal Energy - Tapping the Earths Heat Supply

As the costs of fuel and electricity rise, geothermal energy has a promising future. Underground heat can be found anywhere on Earth, not just where oil is pumped, coal is mined, where the sun shines or where the wind blows. And it produces around the clock, all the time, with relatively little management needed. Heres how geothermal energy works. Geothermal Gradients No matter where you are, if you drill down through the Earths crust you will eventually hit red-hot rock. Miners first noticed in the Middle Ages that deep mines are warm at the bottom, and careful measurements since that time have found that once you get past surface fluctuations, solid rock grows steadily warmer with depth. On average, this geothermal gradient is about one degree Celsius for every 40 meters in depth or 25 C per kilometer. But averages are just averages. In detail, the geothermal gradient is much higher and lower in different places. High gradients require one of two things: hot magma rising close to the surface, or abundant cracks allowing groundwater to carry heat efficiently to the surface. Either one is sufficient for energy production, but having both is best. Spreading Zones Magma rises where the crust is being stretched apart to let it rise—in divergent zones. This happens in the volcanic arcs above most subduction zones, for instance, and in other areas of crustal extension. The worlds largest zone of extension is the mid-ocean ridge system, where the famous, sizzling-hot black smokers are found. It would be great if we could tap heat from the spreading ridges, but that is possible in only two places, Iceland and the Salton Trough of California (and Jan Mayen Land in the Arctic Ocean, where no one lives). Areas of continental spreading are the next-best possibility. Good examples are the Basin and Range region in the American West and East Africas Great Rift Valley. Here there are many areas of hot rocks that overlie young magma intrusions. The heat is available if we can get to it by drilling, then start extracting the heat by pumping water through the hot rock. Fracture Zones Hot springs and geysers throughout the Basin and Range point to the importance of fractures. Without the fractures, there is no hot spring, only hidden potential. Fractures support hot springs in many other places where the crust is not stretching. The famous Warm Springs in Georgia is an example, a place where no lava has flowed in 200 million years. Steam Fields The very best places to tap geothermal heat have high temperatures and abundant fractures. Deep in the ground, the fracture spaces are filled with pure superheated steam, while groundwater and minerals in the cooler zone above seal in the pressure. Tapping into one of these dry-steam zones is like having a giant steam boiler handy that you can plug into a turbine to generate electricity. The best place in the world for this is off limits—Yellowstone National Park. There are only three dry-steam fields producing power today: Lardarello in Italy, Wairakei in New Zealand and The Geysers in California. Other steam fields are wet—they produce boiling water as well as steam. Their efficiency is less than the dry-steam fields, but hundreds of them are still making a profit. A major example is the Coso geothermal field in eastern California. Geothermal energy plants can be started in hot dry rock simply by drilling down to it and fracturing it. Then water is pumped down to it and the heat is harvested in steam or hot water. Electricity is produced either by flashing the pressurized hot water into steam at surface pressures or by using a second working fluid (such as water or ammonia) in a separate plumbing system to extract and convert the heat. Novel compounds are under development as working fluids that could boost efficiency enough to change the game. Lesser Sources Ordinary hot water is useful for energy even if it isnt suitable for generating electricity. The heat itself is useful in factory processes or just for heating buildings. The entire nation of Iceland is almost completely self-sufficient in energy thanks to geothermal sources, both hot and warm, that do everything from driving turbines to heating greenhouses. Geothermal possibilities of all these kinds are shown in a national map of geothermal potential issued on Google Earth in 2011. The study that created this map estimated that America has ten times as much geothermal potential as the energy in all of its coal beds. Useful energy can be obtained even in shallow holes, where the ground isnt hot. Heat pumps can cool a building during summer and warm it during winter, just by moving heat from whichever place is warmer. Similar schemes work in lakes, where dense, cold water lies on the lake bottom. Cornell Universitys lake source cooling system is a notable example. Earths Heat Source To a first approximation, Earths heat comes from radioactive decay of three elements: uranium, thorium, and potassium. We think that the iron core has almost none of these, while the overlying mantle has only small amounts. The crust, just 1 percent of the Earths bulk, holds about half as much of these radiogenic elements as the whole mantle beneath it (which is 67% of the Earth). In effect, the crust acts like an electric blanket upon the rest of the planet. Lesser amounts of heat are produced by various physicochemical means: freezing of liquid iron in the inner core, mineral phase changes, impacts from outer space, friction from Earth tides and more. And a significant amount of heat flows out of the Earth simply because the planet is cooling, as it has since its birth 4.6 billion years ago. The exact numbers for all these factors are highly uncertain because the Earths heat budget relies on details of the planets structure, which is still being discovered. Also, Earth has evolved, and we cannot assume what its structure was during the deep past. Finally, plate-tectonic motions of the crust have been rearranging that electric blanket for eons. The Earths heat budget is a contentious topic among specialists. Thankfully, we can exploit geothermal energy without that knowledge.

12 Angry Men- Jurors 4 and 8 Essay - 886 Words

Reginald Rose’s ’12 Angry Men’ brings 12 jurors together in a room to decide whether a young foreign boy is guilty of killing his father. The play is interwoven with dynamic characterisation, striking symbolism and intense moments of drama. Although Rose positions Juror 8 as the hero, the strongest character is in fact Juror 4, who is an independent thinker, rational and calm even as tension begins to build. Although Juror 4 initially votes guilty, he is able to admit his fault and change his vote. The ability to remain independent proved to be the most important character trait of Juror 4. Throughout the play, Rose’s character is able to think freely and never lets his personal bias or peer-pressure affect his decision making. When†¦show more content†¦Juror 4 was able to communicate his ideas and thought like a professional and did so in an organised fashion. He analysed each piece of evidence with care and used logic and his skills of deduction to guide his vote. Rose intended for the audience to realise that the not guilty vote was the right choice and used Juror 4 as a catalyst for the final vote change. Juror 4 is able to remain calm and composed throughout the most stressful of situations. While Juror 10 exhibits racial outbursts; â€Å"They get drunk†, â€Å"Thats the way they are!†, â€Å"VIOLENT!†, â€Å"These people are dangerous. Theyre wild. Listen to me. Listen.† Juror 4 sat through this entire scene without saying a word. It is only until Juror 10’s monologue is finished that Juror 4 speaks, calmly asking Juror 10 to â€Å"Shut [his] filthy mouth.† Juror 4 never discredits or implies anything towards the defendant and is always careful of what he says. After Juror 10’s tirade, Juror 4 tries to soften the impact created by 10; â€Å"Slums are potential breeding grounds for criminals.† He never attacks or hypes the situation at hand. He draws around ‘potential’ possibilities. Juror 4 initially had his doubts at the start of the case but was the only character that overcame his predisposition based on the an alysis of facts and evidence. Rose’s character and only this character had the intelligence, confidence and persistence to keep his head in the tense moment Juror 10 created. Juror 8 isShow MoreRelatedThe Justice And Injustice Of Kill A Mockingbird And 12 Angry Men1018 Words   |  5 PagesThe Justice and Injustice in To Kill A Mockingbird and 12 Angry Men The novel To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee and the film 12 Angry Men by Reginald Rose have many similarities and differences in relation to the theme of justice and injustice. The purpose of this essay is to explore these similarities and differences and find more in depth meaning to these two texts. 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A Game of Thrones Chapter Forty-eight Free Essays

Jon Jon was breaking his fast on applecakes and blood sausage when Samwell Tarly plopped himself down on the bench. â€Å"I’ve been summoned to the sept,† Sam said in an excited whisper. â€Å"They’re passing me out of training. We will write a custom essay sample on A Game of Thrones Chapter Forty-eight or any similar topic only for you Order Now I’m to be made a brother with the rest of you. Can you believe it?† â€Å"No, truly?† â€Å"Truly. I’m to assist Maester Aemon with the library and the birds. He needs someone who can read and write letters.† â€Å"You’ll do well at that,† Jon said, smiling. Sam glanced about anxiously. â€Å"Is it time to go? I shouldn’t be late, they might change their minds.† He was fairly bouncing as they crossed the weed-strewn courtyard. The day was warm and sunny. Rivulets of water trickled down the sides of the Wall, so the ice seemed to sparkle and shine. Inside the sept, the great crystal caught the morning light as it streamed through the south-facing window and spread it in a rainbow on the altar. Pyp’s mouth dropped open when he caught sight of Sam, and Toad poked Grenn in the ribs, but no one dared say a word. Septon Celladar was swinging a censer, filling the air with fragrant incense that reminded Jon of Lady Stark’s little sept in Winterfell. For once the septon seemed sober. The high officers arrived in a body; Maester Aemon leaning on Clydas, Ser Alliser cold-eyed and grim, Lord Commander Mormont resplendent in a black wool doublet with silvered bearclaw fastenings. Behind them came the senior members of the three orders: red-faced Bowen Marsh the Lord Steward, First Builder Othell Yarwyck, and Ser Jaremy Rykker, who commanded the rangers in the absence of Benjen Stark. Mormont stood before the altar, the rainbow shining on his broad bald head. â€Å"You came to us outlaws,† he began, â€Å"poachers, rapers, debtors, killers, and thieves. You came to us children. You came to us alone, in chains, with neither friends nor honor. You came to us rich, and you came to us poor. Some of you bear the names of proud houses. Others have only bastards’ names, or no names at all. It makes no matter. All that is past now. On the Wall, we are all one house. â€Å"At evenfall, as the sun sets and we face the gathering night, you shall take your vows. From that moment, you will be a Sworn Brother of the Night’s Watch. Your crimes will be washed away, your debts forgiven. So too you must wash away your former loyalties, put aside your grudges, forget old wrongs and old loves alike. Here you begin anew. â€Å"A man of the Night’s Watch lives his life for the realm. Not for a king, nor a lord, nor the honor of this house or that house, neither for gold nor glory nor a woman’s love, but for the realm, and all the people in it. A man of the Night’s Watch takes no wife and fathers no sons. Our wife is duty. Our mistress is honor. And you are the only sons we shall ever know. â€Å"You have learned the words of the vow. Think carefully before you say them, for once you have taken the black, there is no turning back. The penalty for desertion is death.† The Old Bear paused for a moment before he said, â€Å"Are there any among you who wish to leave our company? If so, go now, and no one shall think the less of you.† No one moved. â€Å"Well and good,† said Mormont. â€Å"You may take your vows here at evenfall, before Septon Celladar and the first of your order. Do any of you keep to the old gods?† Jon stood. â€Å"I do, my lord.† â€Å"I expect you will want to say your words before a heart tree, as your uncle did,† Mormont said. â€Å"Yes, my lord,† Jon said. The gods of the sept had nothing to do with him; the blood of the First Men flowed in the veins of the Starks. He heard Grenn whispering behind him. â€Å"There’s no godswood here. Is there? I never saw a godswood.† â€Å"You wouldn’t see a herd of aurochs until they trampled you into the snow,† Pyp whispered back. â€Å"I would so,† Grenn insisted. â€Å"I’d see them a long way off.† Mormont himself confirmed Grenn’s doubts. â€Å"Castle Black has no need of a godswood. Beyond the Wall the haunted forest stands as it stood in the Dawn Age, long before the Andals brought the Seven across the narrow sea. You will find a grove of weirwoods half a league from this spot, and mayhap your gods as well.† â€Å"My lord.† The voice made Jon glance back in surprise. Samwell Tarly was on his feet. The fat boy wiped his sweaty palms against his tunic. â€Å"Might I . . . might I go as well? To say my words at this heart tree?† â€Å"Does House Tarly keep the old gods too?† Mormont asked. â€Å"No, my lord,† Sam replied in a thin, nervous voice. The high officers frightened him, Jon knew, the Old Bear most of all. â€Å"I was named in the light of the Seven at the sept on Horn Hill, as my father was, and his father, and all the Tarlys for a thousand years.† â€Å"Why would you forsake the gods of your father and your House?† wondered Ser Jaremy Rykker. â€Å"The Night’s Watch is my House now,† Sam said. â€Å"The Seven have never answered my prayers. Perhaps the old gods will.† â€Å"As you wish, boy,† Mormont said. Sam took his seat again, as did Jon. â€Å"We have placed each of you in an order, as befits our need and your own strengths and skills.† Bowen Marsh stepped forward and handed him a paper. The Lord Commander unrolled it and began to read. â€Å"Haider, to the builders,† he began. Haider gave a stiff nod of approval. â€Å"Grenn, to the rangers. Albett, to the builders. Pypar, to the rangers.† Pyp looked over at Jon and wiggled his ears. â€Å"Samwell, to the stewards.† Sam sagged with relief, mopping at his brow with,a scrap of silk. â€Å"Matthar, to the rangers. Dareon, to the stewards. Todder, to the rangers. Jon, to the stewards.† The stewards? For a moment Jon could not believe what he had heard. Mormont must have read it wrong. He started to rise, to open his mouth, to tell them there had been a mistake . . . and then he saw Ser Alliser studying him, eyes shiny as two flakes of obsidian, and he knew. The Old Bear rolled up the paper. â€Å"Your firsts will instruct you in your duties. May all the gods preserve you, brothers.† The Lord Commander favored them with a half bow, and took his leave. Ser Alliser went with him, a thin smile on his face. Jon had never seen the master-at-arms took quite so happy. â€Å"Rangers with me,† Ser Jaremy Rykker called when they were gone. Pyp was staring at Jon as he got slowly to his feet. His ears were red. Grenn, grinning broadly, did not seem to realize that anything was amiss. Matt and Toad fell in beside them, and they followed Ser Jaremy from the sept. â€Å"Builders,† announced lantern-jawed Othell Yarwyck. Haider and Albett trailed out after him. Jon looked around him in sick disbelief. Maester Aemon’s blind eyes were raised toward the light he could not see. The septon was arranging crystals on the altar. Only Sam and Darcon remained on the benches; a fat boy, a singer . . . and him. Lord Steward Bowen Marsh rubbed his plump hands together. â€Å"Samwell, you will assist Maester Aemon in the rookery and library. Chett is going to the kennels, to help with the hounds. You shall have his cell, so as to be close to the maester night and day. I trust you will take good care of him. He is very old and very precious to us. â€Å"Dareon, I am told that you sang at many a high lord’s table and shared their meat and mead. We are sending you to Eastwatch. It may be your palate will be some help to Cotter Pyke when merchant galleys come trading. We are paying too dear for salt beef and pickled fish, and the quality of the olive oil we’re getting has been frightful, Present yourself to Borcas when you arrive, he will keep you busy between ships.† Marsh turned his smile on Jon. â€Å"Lord Commander Mormont has requested you for his personal steward, Jon. You’ll sleep in a cell beneath his chambers, in the Lord Commander’s tower.† â€Å"And what will my duties be?† Jon asked sharply. â€Å"Will I serve the Lord Commander’s meals, help him fasten his clothes, fetch hot water for his bath?† â€Å"Certainly.† Marsh frowned at Jon’s tone. â€Å"And you will run his messages, keep a fire burning in his chambers, change his sheets and blankets daily, and do all else that the Lord Commander might require of you.† â€Å"Do you take me for a servant?† â€Å"No,† Maester Aemon said, from the back of the sept. Clydas helped him stand. â€Å"We took you for a man of the Night’s Watch . . . but perhaps we were wrong in that.† It was all Jon could do to stop himself from walking out. Was he supposed to churn butter and sew doublets like a girl for the rest of his days? â€Å"May I go?† he asked stiffly. â€Å"As you wish,† Bowen Marsh responded. Dareon and Sam left with him. They descended to the yard in silence. Outside, Jon looked up at the Wall shining in the sun, the melting ice creeping down its side in a hundred thin fingers. Jon’s rage was such that he would have smashed it all in an instant, and the world be damned. â€Å"Jon,† Samwell Tarly said excitedly. â€Å"Wait. Don’t you see what they’re doing?† Jon turned on him in a fury. â€Å"I see Ser Alliser’s bloody hand, that’s all I see. He wanted to shame me, and he has.† Dareon gave him a look. â€Å"The stewards are fine for the likes of you and me, Sam, but not for Lord Snow.† â€Å"I’m a better swordsman and a better rider than any of you,† Jon blazed back. â€Å"It’s not fair!† â€Å"Fair?† Dareon sneered. â€Å"The girl was waiting for me, naked as the day she was born. She pulled me through the window, and you talk to me of fair?† He walked off. â€Å"There is no shame in being a steward,† Sam said. â€Å"Do you think I want to spend the rest of my life washing an old man’s smallclothes?† â€Å"The old man is Lord Commander of the Night’s Watch,† Sam reminded him. â€Å"You’ll be with him day and night. Yes, you’ll pour his wine and see that his bed linen is fresh, but you’ll also take his letters, attend him at meetings, squire for him in battle. You’ll be as close to him as his shadow. You’ll know everything, be a part of everything . . . and the Lord Steward said Mormont asked for you himself! â€Å"When I was little, my father used to insist that I attend him in the audience chamber whenever he held court. When he rode to Highgarden to bend his knee to Lord Tyrell, he made me come. Later, though, he started to take Dickon and leave me at home, and he no longer cared whether I sat through his audiences, so long as Dickon was there. He wanted his heir at his side, don’t you see? To watch and listen and learn from all he did. I’ll wager that’s why Lord Mormont requested you, Jon. What else could it be? He wants to groom you for command!† Jon was taken aback. It was true, Lord Eddard had often made Robb part of his councils back at Winterfell. Could Sam be right? Even a bastard could rise high in the Night’s Watch, they said. â€Å"I never asked for this,† he said stubbornly. â€Å"None of us are here for asking,† Sam reminded him. And suddenly Jon Snow was ashamed. Craven or not, Samwell Tarly had found the courage to accept his fate like a man. On the Wall, a man gets only what he earns, Benjen Stark had said the last night Jon had seen him alive. You’re no ranger, Jon, only a green boy with the smell of summer still on you. He’d heard it said that bastards grow up faster than other children; on the Wall, you grew up or you died. Jon let out a deep sigh. â€Å"You have the right of it. I was acting the boy.† â€Å"Then you’ll stay and say your words with me?† â€Å"The old gods will be expecting us.† He made himself smile. They set out late that afternoon. The Wall had no gates as such, neither here at Castle Black nor anywhere along its three hundred miles. They led their horses down a narrow tunnel cut through the ice, cold dark walls pressing in around them as the passage twisted and turned. Three times their way was blocked by iron bars, and they had to stop while Bowen Marsh drew out his keys and unlocked the massive chains that secured them. Jon could sense the vast weight pressing down on him as he waited behind the Lord Steward. The air was colder than a tomb, and more still. He felt a strange relief when they reemerged into the afternoon light on the north side of the Wall. Sam blinked at the sudden glare and looked around apprehensively. â€Å"The wildlings . . . they wouldn’t . . . they’d never dare come this close to the Wall. Would they?† â€Å"They never have.† Jon climbed into his saddle. When Bowen Marsh and their ranger escort had mounted, Jon put two fingers in his mouth and whistled. Ghost came loping out of the tunnel. The Lord Steward’s garron whickered and backed away from the direwolf. â€Å"Do you mean to take that beast?† â€Å"Yes, my lord,† Jon said. Ghost’s head lifted. He seemed to taste the air. In the blink of an eye he was off, racing across the broad, weed-choked field to vanish in the trees. Once they had entered the forest, they were in a different world. Jon had often hunted with his father and Jory and his brother Robb. He knew the wolfswood around Winterfell as well as any man. The haunted forest was much the same, and yet the feel of it was very different. Perhaps it was all in the knowing. They had ridden past the end of the world; somehow that changed everything. Every shadow seemed darker, every sound more ominous. The trees pressed close and shut out the light of the setting sun. A thin crust of snow cracked beneath the hooves of their horses, with a sound like breaking bones. When the wind set the leaves to rustling, it was like a chilly finger tracing a path up Jon’s spine. The Wall was at their backs, and only the gods knew what lay ahead. The sun was sinking below the trees when they reached their destination, a small clearing in the deep of the wood where nine weirwoods grew in a rough circle. Jon drew in a breath, and he saw Sam Tarly staring. Even in the wolfswood, you never found more than two or three of the white trees growing together; a grove of nine was unheard of. The forest floor was carpeted with fallen leaves, bloodred on top, black rot beneath. The wide smooth trunks were bone pale, and nine faces stared inward. The dried sap that crusted in the eyes was red and hard as ruby. Bowen Marsh commanded them to leave their horses outside the circle. â€Å"This is a sacred place, we will not defile it.† When they entered the grove, Samwell Tarly turned slowly looking at each face in turn. No two were quite alike. â€Å"They’re watching us,† he whispered. â€Å"The old gods.† â€Å"Yes.† Jon knelt, and Sam knelt beside him. They said the words together, as the last light faded in the west and grey day became black night. â€Å"Hear my words, and bear witness to my vow,† they recited, their voices filling the twilit grove. â€Å"Night gathers, and now my watch begins. It shall not end until my death. I shall take no wife, hold no lands, father no children. I shall wear no crowns and win no glory. I shall live and die at my post. I am the sword in the darkness. I am the watcher on the walls. I am the fire that burns against the cold, the light that brings the dawn, the horn that wakes the sleepers, the shield that guards the realms of men. I pledge my life and honor to the Night’s Watch, for this night and all the nights to come.† The woods fell silent. â€Å"You knelt as boys,† Bowen Marsh intoned solemnly. â€Å"Rise now as men of the Night’s Watch.† Jon held out a hand to pull Sam back to his feet. The rangers gathered round to offer smiles and congratulations, all but the gnarled old forester Dywen. â€Å"Best we be starting back, m’lord,† he said to Bowen Marsh. â€Å"Dark’s falling, and there’s something in the smell o’ the night that I mislike.† And suddenly Ghost was back, stalking softly between two weirwoods. White fur and red eyes, Jon realized, disquieted. Like the trees . . . The wolf had something in his jaws. Something black. â€Å"What’s he got there?† asked Bowen Marsh, frowning. â€Å"To me, Ghost.† Jon knelt. â€Å"Bring it here.† The direwolf trotted to him. Jon heard Samwell Tarly’s sharp intake of breath. â€Å"Gods be good,† Dywen muttered. â€Å"That’s a hand.† How to cite A Game of Thrones Chapter Forty-eight, Essay examples

Field Trip Report free essay sample

So, in 1982 the government received funds to open up the new hospital which was then named St. Croix Hospital and was changed to Juan F. Luis in 1994. They also asked us what we would like to be that has anything pertaining to working in the nursing, and ultrasound technician and so forth. After that we split into two groups. One group went with Ms. Toussaint and other classmates and I went with Ms. Montoute. The first place we went to learn about was the E. R (Emergency Room). And the head nurse (Donna JnBaptiste-Manning) is who told us about theirs jobs. There are 17 beds in the E. R. They help people with trauma to the head, gunshot wounds, sickness, and if the sickness isn’t so bad that they can walk and other stuff they send them through Fast Track. We was also told to ask why do they take so long to assist to their patients if they have trauma to the head and so forth and someone said because they have other patients and because of the average waiting time. We will write a custom essay sample on Field Trip Report or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Now the hospital has to wear a specific type of scrubs and the non-clinical people wears a black pants and or skirt with a white shirt with a logo. OBGYN (Obstetrics and Gynaecology) that’s were women go to get a check-up themselves and so forth. Throughout the hospital there are codes. Code blue –Cardiac Arrest, Code Black- Bomb Threat, Code Brown- Aggressive Patient, Code Pink- Child Abduction, and Code Orange-Patient left, Code Red- Fire, Code Yellow- External Disaster, Code Gray- Suspicious, and Code Green-Rapid. And if anything goes wrong depending on a certain code. Their money per year is from $40,000 to $60,000 that’s not a lot of money compared to the states. So, after we were done with that we went and visit the E. M. S (Emergency Medical Service) we learned that they have a new device to do compressions when they are doing CPR. And well they have a new ambulance which has an electric stretcher and the stretcher holds up to 700lbs. Their qualifications are Intermediate and Paramedic. You have to have a State license and or National Registry to work as an E. M. S. It takes 6 months to a year for National Registry. The people said that they have to renew their license every 2 years and take classes every year. So after we were finish with that we went to Radiology. Oh, I loved that part out of all the different places we tended to. Radiology (the science of X-rays and other high-energy radiation). The director of this section was Mr. William Daud. Why I love this part? Because I’ve done many x-rays, and I just wanted to know more about MRIs’ and so forth. This gentleman explained to us what an x-rays does. Well, and x-ray looks at your bones. Depending on what area you are looking at you can either stand up or you may lie down on the table where they have to set you up to the position that your doctor prescribed you too do. He also told us that they sometimes use barium to see if there is any blockage anywhere in your system that is preventing your blood to flow and clogging and so forth. Then we went to this ultrasound room, Mr. Williams told us that it gives off sound to the image of the body. In order to be an ultrasound technician you need to know how to physics, math, biology, and chemistry. After that we went to the Mammography which looks at your breast. It checks to see if you have any breast cancer and if it’s that bad. It picks up breast cancer. There is a new machine they introduced us too which was the Densitometry the brand name is Hologic it tests to see if you have dense bones or more like brittle bones. Older folks have brittle bones. Brittle meaning easily broken. We also learned about CT (Computerized Tomography) and MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging). After we learnt about that we went to the lab. At the lab Ms. Angie took us to the Chemistry Department and they were telling us about testing blood to see what is affecting someone. If, their blood glucose/cholesterol is high, and so forth. And they also said the blood takes 3-5 minutes to gel up so that they can put it in the spinner. But when it gels up they put cerium. Next we went to learn about Hematology (the study of blood). Ms. Shirley was the one telling us about what she does and what Hematology is. My reflection on this field trip was good. I really enjoyed the different parts we toured to. It was very interesting and exciting. I probably would do one of the fields which I was most interested in.

Translating a Vision into Reality

gaurdian angels essays

gaurdian angels essays Dorothea Tanning was born August 25, 1910 in Galesburg Illinois. She was an artist from a very young age, showing interest in her free time, as she worked first in a library, then doing school publications, and finally a booth at Chicagos World Fair in 1931. She moved to New York and found work as a freelance commercial artist. By 1936, her career had begun, discovering dada and surrealism at the Museum of Modern Art in New York. In 1946, she painted Guardian Angels In an iconographic analysis of a Tanning painting, the viewer is easily lost in the surrealism; I am no exception. The surrealism of her pieces has left me with more questions than answers, but some conclusions can be drawn through a formal analysis, and educated guesses. When I tried to understand Tannings intent from my normal point of view, I only noticed how it was unlike reality, a dream. I hardly can understand my own dreams, much less someone elses , so I changed my point of view. I attempted to enter Tannings realm of expression. Inside I found the depth of Tannings perception, a work of detailed symbols and emotion. The first thing I noticed in Guardian Angels was the overall feeling I got from the painting. I noticed its overall coldness and solitude. I believe this was the general intent Tanning had when she made the background blue and green; the top of the painting is the background, resembling ice creeping forward like a glacier of sheets over the beds. This creates such a cold, lonely overtone that Tanning probably felt as she painted The Guardian Angels. If I look deep into the image, as though I were standing on the sheets, I can see the coldness surrounding me with nowhere to run, the next in line to be carried off. This effect was reached deliberately by Tanning, with her use of lighting on the sheets. The blackness on the background on the right creates a sense that t ...

An American Prisoner of War, World War II, Held by the Japanese Research Paper

An American Prisoner of War, World War II, Held by the Japanese - Research Paper Example Even I had been getting letters quite frequently from my family in Wisconsin, but circumstances, kept me from going back even after United States had declared war on the Japanese. The canons were now faced in the direction of the seas and the British Navy were ready for the Japanese onslaught – or at least, they thought they were, until the day of reckoning for a thousand Singaporeans came on 8th February, 2942. The British troops were outsmarted by the Japanese as their troops made their way into Singapore on bicycles and after making their way through the heavy marshes and swamps of the Malay Peninsula, the Japanese took the British army by surprise. There were many stories going on about the barbarity of the Japanese army and word got around that the Japanese were not interested in taking prisoners any more. i A pamphlet was distributed amongst the Japanese that I also got to see for myself, which apparently was an ominous command that specifically told them to see their victims as the murderers of their fathers and not hold themselves back from killing them, which will lighten their hearts. ii I only understood the real meaning of the text after I was forced to learn Japanese in the camps, but these were just the tip of the ice berg of the blatant savagery that they had inflicted on the people there. This spelled a disaster for everyone in the peninsula and being on the outskirts of Bukit Timah, I had become accustomed to the sounds of gun shots and explosion in the distance. The violence was rapidly expanding. The Singaporeans put up a final stand against Japan in the battle of Bukit Chandu headed by General Adnan, where the Japanese disguised themselves as Punjabi troops and were compromised. Despite the fact that the Punjabi troops launched an excellent defensive attack, they outmaneuvered by the Japanese and then their

Short term crisis - long term problem economic for HR Essay

Short term crisis - long term problem economic for HR - Essay Example According to the most recent statistics, approximately 264,000 youth in the country has been unemployed for a period not less than 12 months. Some of the proposed recommendations are that the government and all the involved stakeholders within the UK economy should develop long-term measures to address the problem. If the same situation is maintained, there is the likelihood that the unemployed youth will become men while at the same time being poorly qualified and unproductive. Such a situation would work against the economic growth of the nation that sometimes faces competence challenges in the workforce. One of the greatest challenge that the UK government faces in trying to address the problem is that almost a third of the unemployed youth in the country do not claim unemployment benefits. In such cases, the government is incapable of reaching out to such youth in order to help them secure employment. To further complicate the matter is that some of the youths in the country often find it hard to take the initial steps towards employment. In some cases, unemployment challenges among the youth are often attributed to the youth having unrealistic demands within the job market. While a similar situation may be replicated it the U.K, the challenge of job expectations is less significant considering the various factors that come into play when it comes to m unemployment among the youth in the UK. Some of the best ways of addressing the problem include; improving both local and national coordination to address the employment issue and increasing the part times jobs in the

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Difference and Similarities

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Difference and Similarities The similarities and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells Prokarytotic cells Eukaryotic cells Similarities Nucleus The DNA floats within the nucleus of this cell. The division of the cell happens via mitosis. The nucleus is known as a nucleoid which isn’t a true nucleus like eukaryotic cell. (John Wiley and Sons. (2014). How Cells Work: Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes. Available: http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-cells-work-prokaryotes-and-eukaryotes.navId-403029.html. Last accessed 11/11/2014.) (Rene Fester Kratz Donna Rae Siegfried (2010). Biology for dummies. 2nd ed. Canada: Wiley Publishing Inc. p49-52,p57-61.) The DNA is more complex, the nucleolus situated in the middle of the cell, holds the DNA together and in a plant cell a nuclear envelope does this job. The division of the cell happens via meiosis. Ribosomes Responsible for making proteins in the cytoplasm, these are smaller than in a eukaryotic cell. They are present and bigger than in a prokaryotic cell. Cytoplasm This is a liquid material that contains the DNA and other parts of the cell that allow it to function. (John Wiley and Sons. (2014). How Cells Work: Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes. Available: http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-cells-work-prokaryotes-and-eukaryotes.navId-403029.html. Last accessed 11/11/2014) The DNA is contained within the nucleus and the other organelles float in the cytoplasm outside the nucleus. Differences Chloroplasts Only found in plant or algae cells which are eukaryotic. (s-cool youth marketing ltd. (2014). Introduction to cells. Available: http://www.s-cool.co.uk/a-level/biology/cells-and-organelles/revise-it/introduction-to-cells. Last accessed 10/11/2014.) Only found in plant or algae cells, responsible for extracting food from the sun and carbon dioxide. Golgi apparatus This organelle isn’t present as the cell isn’t as complex as a eukaryotic cell. This is found within the membrane of a eukaryotic cell and a prokaryotic cell doesn’t have any membrane bound organelles. Materials are transported via a vesicle through the cytosplasm. Mitochondria Respiration takes place in the mesosome. ATP isn’t required in prokaryotic cells. ATP is used in active transport and prokaryotic cells use passive transport. (S-cool youth marketing ltd. (2014). Introduction to cells. Available: http://www.s-cool.co.uk/a-level/biology/cells-and-organelles/revise-it/introduction-to-cells. Last accessed 10/11/2014.) (John Wiley and sons. (2014). Biology Basics: Important Components of Eukaryotic Cells. Available: http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/biology-basics-important-components-of-eukaryotic-.html. Last accessed 10/11/2014.) Respiration takes place here, ATP is produced which provides energy for the cells reactions. (S-cool youth marketing ltd. (2014). Introduction to cells. Available: http://www.s-cool.co.uk/a-level/biology/cells-and-organelles/revise-it/introduction-to-cells. Last accessed 10/11/2014.) Rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum A prokaryotic cell doesn’t produce lipids. A process where endocytosis takes place, this only occurs in eukaryotic cells. John Wiley and sons. (2014). Biology Basics: Important Components of Eukaryotic Cells. Available: http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/biology-basics-important-components-of-eukaryotic-.html. Last accessed 10/11/2014 Smooth endoplasmic adds carbohydrates to proteins and produces lipids and rough is responsible for synthesising the proteins that are needed in the cell and the area around the cell. Specialised structures that allow a sperm to carry out its role A sperm cell consists of a head, middle and tail. The head contains the DNA which is in the nucleus, this contains the 23 chromosomes required to meet with an egg which has the other 23 chromosomes needed to create an embryo. The head also contains an acrosome which contains enzymes that allow the sperm to break through the egg membrane and penetrate. The middle of the sperm cell is a bit like an engine, the mitochondria creates the energy needed to move the tail. The tail is thin and uses a whipping motion to travel through bodily fluids. (BBC-GCSE Bitesize. (2014). The mentrual cycle and fertilisation. Available: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/triple_edexcel/control_systems/menstrual_cycle_fertilisation/revision/3/. Last accessed 10/11/2014) Specialised structures that allow a red blood cell to carry out its role A red blood cells shape, flexibility and size play a big part in its role. It is bi-concave which gives a big surface area to allow quick diffusion of oxygen. Its small size and flexibility helps it to travel unharmed through narrow capillaries and travel easily through the body. It doesn’t require a nucleus which means it has more room to carry oxygen, allowing it to carry out its role of transporting oxygen throughout the body. A pigment known as hemoglobin is responsible for its colour and also allows the cell to carry oxygen and carbon dioxide. (BBC Bitesize. (2014). The circulatory system. Available: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/add_ocr_gateway/living_growing/circulatoryrev4.shtml. Last accessed 10/11/2014) (MedicineNet. (2014). Definition of red blood cells. Available: http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=5260. Last accessed 10/11/2014.) The importance of the major components of the fluid-mosaic model and of plasma membranes There are four major components of the fluid mosaic model that demonstrate the structure of the plasma membrane. These are the phospholipid bilayer, proteins, carbohydrates and cholesterol. The phospholipid bilayer is the main foundation of the plasma membrane and is formed by two layers of phospholipids, the head section of the phospholipid which is known as the hydrophilic head, faces towards the water as it is water loving. The phospholipid tail known as a hydrophobic tail as it doesn’t like water, faces inwards, which causes the phospholipids to group together in two rows known as a bilayer. The proteins are essential as they allow non-soluble substances to pass in and out of the phospholipid bilayer, they are nestled in between the phospholipid bilayer but are not stationary so they are able to move in the membrane. Carbohydrate and cholesterol are the less important parts of the plasma membranes but they still play an important role in supporting it. Carbohydrates are fo rmed in a chain which is linked to the outer surface of the membrane, the reason for carbohydrates in the plasma membrane is so that the cell can interact with other cells which is essential for recognising hormones and foreign molecules. Cholesterol is the component which stabilises the membrane, it keeps the fluidity at a good level and stops it from solidifying, this is important in the human body for example, when we get too cold it will stop us from actually freezing. (Rene Fester Kratz Donna Rae Siegfried (2010). Biology for dummies. 2nd ed. Canada: Wiley Publishing Inc. p54-Part 1-Biology basics paragraph 4). The importance of active and passive transport mechanisms The two forms of transport are active and passive transport and they both have different types of transport within them. Not all molecules require a transport method as they can travel through the plasma membrane easily by themselves as they are small, examples of these are hydrophobic molecules such as oxygen and carbon dioxide. They are compatible with the hydrophobic tails of the phospholipid bilayer as they both repel water. Molecules that need help travelling through the plasma membrane are ions and larger molecules such as hormones, they can’t travel through the hydrophobic tails on their own and need help in the form of transport to get from A to B. Smaller molecules can use passive transport to travel through the membrane as passive transport doesn’t require energy and as the molecules are only small they don’t need the energy to be pushed along. Ions and larger molecules need to use active transport to travel and this form of transport requires energy as the molecules are bigger and need help either by being given an opening that they can easily fit through or by being carried along. Passive transport needs a semi permeable membrane for passive transport to take place, simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion and osmosis. Simple diffusion allows a substance to go from being highly concentrated to less concentrated, this is important for when oxygen is absorbed into a cell and carbon dioxide is pushed out. Osmosis is used for the diffusion of water across a membrane, it is similar to diffusion as it uses the method of moving from a highly concentrated area to a less concentrated area but it uses solutes which dissolve in the water to balance the concentration levels on each side of the cell so that they end up being even. Facilitated diffusion allows specific ions or molecules to travel from one place to another via a tunnel which is made from proteins, the ions or molecules diffuse through the membrane and the protein gives the molecule a helping hand to travel through the cell. Active transport requires energy to enable the molecule to travel, this type of energy is called ATP. The reason energy is required is because bulkier molecules that need help to travel can’t do it alone so they require a vesicle to help them. The two methods within active transport are endocytosis which is when a material wants to enter the cell, the plasma membrane pulls the material inwards in an envelope type movement and seals off to form a vesicle which then can move into the cell. When a bulkier material needs to leave the cell and this would be for removing waste from the cell or for the secretion of materials like hormones, it uses the process exocytosis and this is when a membrane forms around the material making a vesicle and this then attaches itself to the cell membrane allowing it to empty its contents. (Rene Fester Kratz Donna Rae Siegfried (2010). Biology for dummies. 2nd ed. Canada: Wiley Publishing Inc. p55-56.) Mitosis and Meiosis Mitosis and Meiosis are both the process in which cells are copied to create new cells in this way the two processes are very similar as they both involve the replication of a cell but they both carry out completely different roles. Mitosis is the process in which a single cell is replicated to create another identical cell, this is known as asexual reproduction as the cell has replicated its own DNA. The process is broken down into 4 stages, these are prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. Prophase is the stage in which the chromosomes are condensed, the nuclear membrane breaks down and mitotic spindles form and attach to the chromosomes. After this phase, the chromosomes are pulled by the mitotic spindles to the middle of the cell, this is called metaphase. Once this has happened the chromosomes that have been replicated separate and go to opposite sides in two identical halves known as chromatids, this is so that each cell has one copy of each DNA molecule from the parent cell when the process has finished, this phase is known as anaphase and is a key factor as it is important for the DNA to replicated to create a cell that is identical to the original cell. The final stage is telophase and this is when the cell is just about to be divided to create two new identical cells, known as daughter cells. Nuclear membranes are formed around each set of chromosomes, the chromosomes then spread throughout the nucleus, the spindles break down and the nucleoli reforms and becomes visible again. Once all four phases are completed the two new cells are ready to separate. Meiosis follows a similar process to mitosis but instead of one division it requires two separate divisions to complete the process and instead of one copy of chromosomes it requires two copies of the chromosomes to be made so that you end up with four cells known as gametes with only half of the chromosomes needed to make a human, these cells are not genetically identical to the parent cell. (Rene Fester Kratz Donna Rae Siegfried (2010). Biology for dummies. 2nd ed. Canada: Wiley Publishing Inc. p86. Table 6-1. A comparison of Mitosis Meiosis). Gametes are human reproduction cells and they only require 23 chromosomes, this is because we only need to inherit half the DNA from each parent and it creates variety in our offspring. There are two stages of meiosis and each stage follows the same phases as mitosis but for the first stage known as meiosis 1, the phases are known for example, prophase 1 and for the second stage, meiosis 2 the phases are known for example as prophase 2. In meiosis 1, the chromosomes are paired up and then separated in two daughter cells, a bit similar to what happens in mitosis but now the stage needs to carry on, this happens in meiosis 2. In meiosis 2 the replicated chromosomes separate into sister chromatids, they break up giving four daughter cells one piece of the chromosome pair, so now at the end of this process we are left with 4 daughter cells that have a piece of DNA each. Once the process is completed we are left with four gamete cells which are now ready to interact with another gamete cell, these cells are known as sperm and egg cells and are vital for human reproduction. (Rene Fester Kratz Donna Rae Siegfried (2010). Biology for dummies. 2nd ed. Canada: Wiley Publishi ng Inc. p88-95.) References BBC-GCSE Bitesize. (2014). The mentrual cycle and fertilisation. Available: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/triple_edexcel/control_systems/menstrual_cycle_fertilisation/revision/3/. Last accessed 10/11/2014) BBC Bitesize. (2014). The circulatory system. Available: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/add_ocr_gateway/living_growing/circulatoryrev4.shtml. Last accessed 10/11/2014) John Wiley and Sons. (2014). How Cells Work: Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes. Available: http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-cells-work-prokaryotes-and-eukaryotes.navId-403029.html. Last accessed 11/11/2014. MedicineNet. (2014). Definition of red blood cells. Available: http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=5260. Last accessed 10/11/2014 Rene Fester Kratz Donna Rae Siegfried (2010). Biology for dummies. 2nd ed. Canada: Wiley Publishing Inc. p86. Table 6-1. A comparison of Mitosis Meiosis. Rene Fester Kratz Donna Rae Siegfried (2010). Biology for dummies. 2nd ed. Canada: Wiley Publishing Inc. p88-95. Rene Fester Kratz Donna Rae Siegfried (2010). Biology for dummies. 2nd ed. Canada: Wiley Publishing Inc. p55-56 Rene Fester Kratz Donna Rae Siegfried (2010). Biology for dummies. 2nd ed. Canada: Wiley Publishing Inc. p54-Part 1-Biology basics paragraph 4 Rene Fester Kratz Donna Rae Siegfried (2010). Biology for dummies. 2nd ed. Canada: Wiley Publishing Inc. p49-52. Rene Fester Kratz Donna Rae Siegfried (2010). Biology for dummies. 2nd ed. Canada: Wiley Publishing Inc. p57-61. S-cool youth marketing ltd. (2014). Introduction to cells. Available: http://www.s-cool.co.uk/a-level/biology/cells-and-organelles/revise-it/introduction-to-cells. Last accessed 10/11/2014.) Andrew Radar Studios. (2014). Cell structure and function. Available: http://www.biology4kids.com/files/cell_main.html. Last accessed 10/11/2014 Gareth Rowlands (2008). Biology AS A2. 3rd ed. Essex: Pearson Education Limited. p24-29, p38-39. John Wiley and Sons. (2014). How Cells Work: Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes. Available: http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-cells-work-prokaryotes-and-eukaryotes.navId-403029.html. Last accessed 11/11/2014 S-cool youth marketing ltd. (2014). Introduction to cells. Available: http://www.s-cool.co.uk/a-level/biology/cells-and-organelles/revise-it/introduction-to-cells. Last accessed 10/11/2014.) S-cool youth marketing limited. (2014). The cell membrane. Available: http://www.s-cool.co.uk/a-level/biology/cells-and-organelles/revise-it/the-cell-membrane. Last accessed 10/11/2014 Laura Robbins

How Does SHRM Influence Organizational Outcomes? Essay

Introduction In modern business environment, †Strategy† is always applied in each business area. As strategic management discipline originated in the 1950s and 1960s, strategic human resource management emerged as following. At the beginning, HR department is not viewed as an important division and in many multinational companies (Vymys.P 2014), only marketing, R&D and finance which are direct associated with the competition and revenue could get enough attention from general manager, stockholders and professors in management area. However, nowadays, strategic human resource management (SHRM) is considered to be a source of competitive advantage for a firm (Wright, Dunford, & Snell, 2001). An increasing number of senior managers or professors have begun to focus on human capital. Actually, the core competition ability of an enterprise is accumulated value of employees. During the process of promoting and implementing all the business in an enterprise, the initiative of the people, the guaranteed skills and the team cooperation is the key factor for it to work effectively; SHRM is, in fact, the management of power development and the core of management behavior includes the acquisition, motivation, organization and development of human resource management. These four parts form a unified whole and none is dispensable. The circulation of the â€Å"unified whole† promotes human resources management and enterprise management constantly, thus enhances the enterprise’s core competitiveness and profitability. In Google, the Human Resource department is called People Operations. They emphasize on the process which employees create value for the company and presents strategic modes in HR management. For example,each employee in Google has material packages in HR department with at least dozens of pages, on which record their abundant personal information,like SAT scores,rankings,GPA,resume, papers published,referees and even message in BBS and blog (Wei,J. 2013). In terms of recruitment,the questions candidates received are various and strange. Google devotes into seeking the smart to compete rivals and indeed,  this strategic recruitment method does work and provides countless value for the enterprise (Poundstone,W. 2012). In total, SHRM plays a crucial role in enterprise management and affects the success and failure in an organization. Strategic Human Resource Management and 8P Model Strategic human resource management (SHRM) is different from the concept â€Å"human resources management†. Put it in detail,SHRM refers that the essence of SHRM is to adopt a flexible but strategic perspective that accurately analyses both the internal and external environments of organizations to assure ’fit’ between HR strategies and practices, and between these and business strategiesï ¼Ë†Redman,T. and Wilkinson, A. 2013,p.50). The main characteristic of SHRM is to emphasize matching up between human resource management and enterprise strategies, to establish relevant human resource management activities and deployment according to organizational strategic objectives and to provide services and support for the implementation of enterprise strategy(Strategic Human Resource Management And 8P Model 2012) . Therefore, if an organization wants to achieve the goals, the first thing is to successfully manage human capital. However, how to motivate human talent to create a network and make the company successful? According to Adam Smithï ¼Ë†1776ï ¼â€°, economic activity was fulled not by workers as a collective mass but by †the acquired and useful ability of all the inhabitants and members of the society†. With the development of strategic human resource management, there is an increasing number of people focusing on capitalize the intangible asset. Many practices and strategies are applied in promoting the †best fit† and encouraging the network. Theodore Schultz(1960), American economist and the creator of human capital theory, in his report †Human Capital Investment and Urban Competitiveness† said, the source of economic growth can not increase only depending on the material input of the Labor force, but the more important is to rely on improved peopl e’s ability. According to the American economists estimates, from 1900 to 1957, the material capital investment increased by 4.5 times, profits increased by 3.55 times,while human capital investment increased by 3.5 times, profits increased by 17.55 times. During the 38 years from 1919 to 1957, 49% of  gross national product is the result of human capital(What Is Strategic Human Resource Management In An Organization 2008). Obviously, the contribution rate of human capital in the era of knowledge economy is far greater than that of material capital. Therefore, paying attention to the importance of human capital on economic growth is particularly urgent. Under the background of modern social economy, the enterprise must carry out strategic management of human capital and strengthen the competition and development of the enterprise. As I mentioned, SHRM is power management and its core function and soul is acquisition,motivation,organization and development. In terms of behavior and responsibilities of strategic human resource management, to conclude, there are eight essential abilities: Table1.Strategic Human Resource Management and 8P model (MBA Lib,2012) These eight abilities are specifiedï ¼Å¡ ——HRM project system based on strategy(Project) Understanding organizational strategic decision and management environment is the precondition of human resource planning. According to the enterprise development strategy, combining with the enterprise human resource current situation and making enterprise human resources plans enable the enterprise’s human resources to support enterprise strategic development needs and to contribute to the realization of enterprise strategy. The main activities of enterprise human resources planning encompass the analysis of supply and demand of human resources, the planning of amount of human resource planning, human resources structure optimization planning and human resource qualification promotion planning, and the concrete measures to realize the objective of human resource planning, namely, the various business plans. ——Job analysis system based on strategy(position) Job analysis is a basic work in an enterprise’s SHRM. Enterprises select the appropriate organization mode according to their own strategic and on the basis of this, set up departments including management processes and business processes and clear the responsibility and authority of the various functional departments. HR department should clear the responsibilities and  content of each department and analyze the necessary knowledge, skills, experience and personal quality as an employee. ——Employee’s qualification analysis system based on strategy and position (personnel) Enterprises should proceed based on strategic objectives and customer demand, on the basis of job analysis, analyze and conclude the staff with high performance and then set up â€Å"Staff Quality Model† in order to optimize human resource and motivate the staff’s potentials. ——recruitment system based on strategy and competence(provide) Recruitment based on strategy is no longer to simply hire people to fill the vacancies and what they acquire is the resource with which an enterprise can survive and win the competition. A company not only care about if the candidate is qualified in the position, but also care about if the candidate could provide support for the company to achieve the enterprise strategic objectives. Therefore, an enterprise should take human resource planning and â€Å"Staff Quality Model† into account, when recruiting. ——training system based on strategy and employee’s career(plant) The training system based on strategy and staff’s career development should encompass training demands assessment, drawing up a training plan and training results transformation. Training needs assessment should consider about strategic requirements, staff qualities and training needs by which employees want to achieve professional development in their career. ——career management based on strategy(profession) Career management based on strategy requires an enterprise to set up job positions and job classification based on the organizational strategies. Enterprises should establish different levels of qualification standards according to different employee’s classification, drive the employees to study and improve professional skills. In addition to this, HR division should set up promotion system by which employees have more motivation to do the work and improve themselves. Besides, an enterprise should build a good environment for employees to grow up and positively provide consultancy for  employees about promotion and skill improvement. By that, realize that the enterprise leads employees to grow up and employees promote the enterprise to develop. ——appraisal performance system based on strategy and key performance indicator (performance) Performance is an effective output in order to achieve strategic objectives including organizational performance, department(team) performance and personal performance. SHRM focuses on organizational overall performance whose goal is to survive and develop in the competition. Appraisal performance system based on strategy and key performance indicator requires an enterprise to develop relying on organizational strategic objectives and to determine the enterprise key results areas and key performance indicators through the analysis of the value chain of enterprises. Organizational performance is based on individual performance and team performance. When the organization performance targets are allocated to every employee and every job, and as long as each employee meets the organizational requirements, the realization of organizational performance is guaranteed. Standard procedure of performance appraisal comprises five links, namely, planing assessment, performance management(e,g, performance coaching, counseling and performance tracking), performance appraisal, performance feedback such as performance interview, and the use of performance appraisal(e.g. reward, promotion, elimination and improving the performance appraisal mode). ——payment management based on ability and achievement(payment) There are three ways measuring the value that employees create for the enterprise. So on the basis of it, there are emerging three compensation modes. The first mode is based on job duties which is determined by the importance of job and relative value of job in the enterprise. The second is based on performance evaluation. In this way, an employee’s salary is related to his performance. Evaluating the salary level by employee personal performance or team performance is a result oriented value distribution way. The third is to pay the employees according to employee’s ability, capacity, professional skills, experience internal quality and so on. Under the framework of strategic human resource management, the enterprise’s salary incentive  system should focus on the short-term performance improvement and long-term development of the enterprise. Therefore, compensation management must link to performance and ability appraisal by which each employee’s income and performance is related to the realization of organizational strategies. Payroll management based on performance and ability not only emphasize the value created by individuals and teamwork but also emphasize potential value that individuals and teams could bring about for the enterprise. Conclusion To conclude, SHRM to a large extent influences the organizational outcome. I have explained each function separately and each one is closely associated to the organizational strategy. Actually, the core management of an enterprise is human management and each department in the enterprise is operated by people. Therefore, what extent to capitalize the human resource and how to match the human resources with the organizational strategies is critical issue. More importantly,this also requires the HR division to understand the organizational strategies on which manage employees effectively and plan and execute SHRM strategies to help the enterprise to survive and win the global competition. To sum up, SHRM is to explore and motivate the value of people. A good HR division knows exactly which division need which talents and understand how to motivate the employee potential. However, to what extent to motive and explore these potentials to be the â€Å"Best Fit† and how to manage the talents from motivating personalities to forming a standard is another important issue. This would be discussed more deeply. References 1. Vymys,p.2014,Introduction to Human Resource Strategy(WORK6017), The university of Sydney,Sydney, 29 July, viewed 10 September 2014, 2. Mayhew,R. and Demand 2014, Chron,Small Business,10 September 2014, 3. Strategic Human Resource Management And 8P Model 2012, MBA Lib, viewed 10 September 2014, 4. Schultz,T. 1960,Human Capital Investment and Urban Competitiveness,social Sciences Academic Press, China. 5.What is Strategic Human Resource Management In An Organization 2008, MBA Lib, viewed 10 September 2014, 6. Redman,T. and Wilkinson,A. 2013, Contemporary Human Resource Management,Pearson,UK 7.Human Resource 2014,MBA Lib, Viewed 10 September 2014, 8.Wei,J. 2013,demystify the recruitment of Google:lengthy and picky five rounds of interviews,Sina ChuangShiJi, viewed 17 September 2014, 9. Manjoo,F. 2013,The Happiness Machine:How Google became such a great place to work, Slate, viewed 17 September 2014, 10. Google,2014,Google Career, viewed 17 September 2014, 11.Pounderstone,W.2012,Are You Smart Enough To Work At Google,Little,Brown and Company Press,United States of America.

Assess the View That Traditional Class Identities

Assess the view that traditional class identities are no longer important. Social class refers to the divisions within society. Each group shares the same characteristics, for example they may work within the same type of occupation, therefore meaning they share the same economic status. These groups are the working class, middle class and upper class. However now some believe there isn’t this social class division within society and that everyone is equal. People that would agree traditional class identities are no longer important are postmodernists.These have the view that class no longer really matters in modern Britain and that now people no longer identify themselves according to their class background. Clarke and Saunders (1991) would agree with the view of postmodernists. They suggest that classes have become fragmented into many different groups and now they have been replaced with other influences such as gender and lifestyles. Although they is some evidence which su ggests these ideas are exaggerated.Marshall’s survey into how people view themselves showed people still see social class as a source of identity. The traditional working class was a group of people that was developed after the industrialisation when they were need for large amounts of manual workers. This group formed a strong sense on culture and identity. These were strong moral values, having men as the breadwinner and women as housewives and believing getting a job is more important than having an education.The traditional working class also saw the labour party as the party for the working class as it represented their interests, as pointed out in item B. Although now many people in the working class vote for different parties as they don’t all agree on what is important now in society, supporting the idea that traditional class identities are no longer important. Now also the manufacturing business as changed a lot, this means now they aren’t the same job s available as they would have been before as they have been replaced with things such as machines that can do a faster and cheaper job.Therefore the working class has had to change the sort of jobs they do over time which may be a reason for the change in characteristics, and therefore making the traditional class identities now no longer important. Diamond and Giddens agree with this as they argue that the working class is no longer important because of the change in the economy that as lead to the decline of manual labour jobs, and that the working class isn’t now the only class which experiences economic and social eprivation. The new working class is now seen to have little loyalty to others within the same class, more emphasis on customer goods, high levels of home ownership, and women likely to be employed. There is also now a larger section of the working class, this may be down to some working class jobs now becoming more skilful therefore getting higher pay, which o thers become less skilful and get lower pay, meaning people in the same class may identify themselves every differently.However there are sociologists that believe traditional class identities are still very important, for example Marxists. They believe social class is still hugely influential in shaping our identities. They also believe social class is identified by your income, and that leisure wouldn’t define your identity as you would need the disposable income to afford it. The British Attitudes Survey supported this idea, because in 2007 it found still 94% of people still identified themselves with a social class, whereas only 6% didn’t.Overall the importance of traditional class identities are seen every differently by different people. Views which agree and disagree to the importance of traditional class identities still being important have both positives and negatives so it’s hard to just believe one view point is the truth and the other doesn’t matter. Therefore I believe both viewpoints have sufficient evidence and that traditional class identities are still important to an extent, however now there is also other factors that can make up our identity other than just our social class.